Why do women have menstruation? A complete list of menstrual period problems

　　Menstruation refers to regular vaginal bleeding once a month.

　　when female After entering puberty, the ovaries gradually mature and begin to secrete female hormones. Uterus The endometrium changes and causes menstruation. The formation process of menstruation is roughly as follows: the ovaries secrete estrogen, which promotes the thickening and congestion of the endometrium. On the 14th day before the next menstrual period, the ovaries begin to ovulate and secrete a large amount of estrogen and progesterone. Under the combined action of these two hormones, the endometrium continues to thicken and become loose, preparing conditions for the implantation and development of the fertilized egg. The right egg is not fertilized, the amount of the two hormones drops sharply, the endometrium peels off and bleeds, and menstruation occurs. Subsequently, under the influence of female hormones, the intrauterine wax repeats the above-mentioned changes.

　　A woman's first menstrual period is called menarche, or "menarche" for short. Menarche usually occurs around 13-15 years old. It can occur as early as 11-12 years old for those who are strong and well-nourished, and as late as 17-18 years old for those who are weak and malnourished. Precocious puberty occurs when menstruation occurs before the age of 8. It is seen in ovarian and adrenal tumors. Menstruation before the age of 18 is considered as delayed onset of sexual intercourse. amenorrhea In addition, it may also be caused by underdevelopment or malformation of the internal reproductive organs.

　　Normal menstruation: The average menstrual cycle is 28 days, 7 days earlier or later, as long as it is basically regular, it is within the normal range. The duration of menstruation is generally 3-5 days, but the amount of menstrual blood in 1-2 menstrual periods is 20-120 ml, mostly around 50 ml. Most people experience no discomfort during menstruation. Some people may experience lower abdominal pain before or during menstruation. distended pain , backache, breast swelling, emotional uneasiness, etc.

　　Menstruation is one of the signs of female sexual maturity and a normal physiological activity of adult women. It is affected by various factors such as physiology, psychology, diet, and environment. Before menstruation, many women experience breast tenderness, abdominal distension, lower abdominal distension and pain, fatigue, depression, insomnia and other symptoms. If you can pay attention to diet before and during menstruation, you can reduce and alleviate premenstrual symptoms and discomfort.

　　1. The diet one week before menstruation should be light, easy to digest, and rich in nutrients. You can eat more high-protein foods such as beans and fish, and increase green leafy vegetables and fruits. You should also drink more water to keep the stool smooth and reduce pelvic congestion.

　　2. At the beginning of menstruation, women often feel low back pain , if you don’t want to eat, you might as well eat more appetizing and easy-to-digest foods, such as dates, noodles, barley porridge, etc.

　　3. During the menstrual period, you should eat nutritious and easily digestible foods to facilitate the replenishment of nutrients. Drink more water and eat more vegetables to keep the stool smooth, which can also reduce pelvic congestion.

　　4. Part of the blood will be lost during menstruation. Therefore, in the late menstruation period, you need to supplement foods containing protein and iron, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium, such as meat, animal liver, eggs, milk, etc.

　　Women should pay attention to the following things during menstruation to reduce the occurrence of premenstrual symptoms.

　　1. Women should avoid eating salty food before menstruation. Because salty food will increase the salt and water storage in the body, progesterone will increase before menstruation, which can easily cause edema, headaches and other phenomena. If you start eating low-salt foods 10 days before menstruation, the above symptoms will not occur.

　　2. Many women who like to drink carbonated drinks will experience fatigue and lack of energy during menstruation, which is a sign of iron deficiency. Because soda and other drinks mostly contain phosphates, they react chemically with the iron in the body, making it difficult to absorb the iron. In addition, drinking too much soda will reduce the digestive capacity and bactericidal effect of gastric acid due to the neutralization of sodium bicarbonate and gastric juice in the soda, and affect appetite.

　　3. Do not eat spicy foods and chili peppers before menstruation, and eat less fatty meats, animal oils and sweets.

　　4. Spicy, raw, and cold foods are irritating and can easily cause pelvic vasoconstriction, resulting in low menstrual blood volume or even sudden cessation. In addition, irritating substances such as tobacco and alcohol will also have a certain impact on menstruation. If you don't pay attention to avoid these bad stimuli, in the long run, it will happen Dysmenorrhea or menstrual disorders.