What medicine should pregnant women take if they have a cold?

       It is inevitable for people to have headaches and fever. cold fever It is also common. The body temperature of normal people is controlled by the temperature regulation center of the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus, and through nerve Humoral factors regulate the process of heat production and heat dissipation, so the normal human body has a relatively constant body temperature. If the heat source causes too much heat production or too little heat dissipation, causing the body temperature to exceed the normal range, it is called fever. In addition to colds, there are many other conditions that can cause fever in humans. clinical According to different body temperatures, fevers are divided into four categories: low fever, moderate fever, high fever and super fever. Colds and fevers for normal people are usually not serious as long as they are treated in time. Pregnant women should be especially careful when they have colds and fevers.
　　Generally speaking, high fever can stimulate Uterus , causing it to shrink, causing premature birth or miscarriage, it can also cause fetus die. Therefore, pregnant women should use medicine to treat colds and fevers. However, drugs must be selected and drugs that may have teratogenic effects on the fetus should not be taken.
　　When pregnant women have a cold or fever, the following drugs should be used with caution or not：
　　①Salicylic acid preparations. Animal experiments have proven that salicylic acid preparations can quickly pass through the placenta, and large doses can cause teratogenicity in animal embryos. There are no confirmed reports of a large number of cases of its effects on humans, but it should be used with caution.
　　②Streptomycin. Large doses can cause damage to the eighth nerve of the fetus. I He was born deaf at first.
　　③tetracycline. Long-term use of large doses can have toxic effects on the liver of pregnant women. 3If used within 1 month, it can cause yellowing of deciduous teeth, hypoplasia of enamel, or stagnant intrauterine growth of the fetus.
　　④Gentamicin, kanamycin. It is indeed toxic to the auditory nerve.
　　Warm reminder: The air temperature difference in an air-conditioned computer room is larger than that in an ordinary office. When people come in and out, the body's body temperature regulation function is not easy to adapt. In addition, the indoor air is not clean enough and it is easy to catch a cold. These will have adverse effects on the mother and fetus.
　　Drugs that cause fetal malformations
　　You should take medicine when you are sick, but improper use can cause adverse reactions. For pregnant women, it sometimes causes fetal malformations. Whether drugs cause fetal malformation is mainly related to the nature of the drug. In addition, it is also related to the developmental stage of the embryo and the maternal condition. healthy Both the condition and the dose are related. pregnant head 3The 1-month-old fetus is still developing, and the organs of the body are not yet fully developed. This is a sensitive period for drug teratogenesis. At this time, medication should be used with caution. Congenital malformations generally refer to baby There are morphological defects at birth, including defects in appearance, internal organs, and certain tissue factors or biochemical products. Therefore, the teratogenic effect of drugs can already form deformities when the newborn is born, or it can be caused by the adverse effects of drugs during the embryonic period, causing the baby to show deformities during its development after birth.
　　Drugs that can cause fetal malformations are as follows:
　　① Antiepileptic drugs. Phenytoin, primidone, and phenysuximide, especially phenytoin, can cause cleft lip, cleft palate, and congenital heart disease.
　　②Anti-allergy medications. Mink, diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine, especially mink, can cause harelips and bone deformities.
　　③Blood sugar-lowering drugs. Tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, and glyburide can cause multiple malformations and stillbirth.
　　④Antineoplastic drugs. These drugs inhibit tumor cell growth by preventing cells from synthesizing nucleic acids and proteins. They are now also used to suppress immune responses and treat kidney disease, chronic nephritis, connective tissue disease and other autoimmune diseases. These drugs damage normal cells, especially fetuses with strong metabolism, and can cause fetal malformations. For example, cyclophosphamide can cause defects in the limbs, external ears, and palate ； Tumor can cause kidney and ureter defects ； Trimethotrexate sodium and methotrexate can cause cleft palate, hydrocephalus, and anencephaly ； Busulfan can cause multiple malformations ； Azathioprine can cause hydrocephalus, cleft palate, cleft palate, and limb deformities.
　　⑤Sex hormones. For example, the estrogen diethylstilbestrol can cause hydrocephalus, visceral malformations, feminization of male fetuses, and even permanent infertility. Progestins such as norethindrone have similar chemical structures to androgens. Long-term use of large amounts can cause virilization of female fetuses and pseudohermaphroditism. Most babies of those who continue to take birth control pills during early pregnancy will not have deformities, but deformities may occur if they are used in large quantities.
　　⑥ Cortisone hormone. Continuous use of large amounts of cortisone and prednisone can cause cleft lip, cleft palate, anencephaly, abnormal development of genitals and adrenal glands, and even stillbirth and premature birth.
　　⑦Antidepressants. Imipramine can cause short limbs ； Amphetamines can cause brain and limb malformations.
　　⑧Antibacterial drugs. Tetracyclines can combine with calcium in cartilage, affecting bone development, causing finger deformities, causing teeth to become brownish-yellow, enamel hypoplasia, and causing congenital cataracts. Streptomycin and kanamycin can damage the fetal auditory nerve and cause congenital deafness. Potassium and antithyroid drugs can inhibit fetal thyroid synthesis, causing cretinism and mental retardation.
　　⑨other. Aspirin may cause fetal bone malformations and brain malformations. Quinine antimalarial drugs may cause fetal intellectual disability, convulsions, hydrocephalus, deafness and limb defects.
　　Who doesn't want to give birth to a healthy baby? If the child is deformed due to one's own mistakes, no matter how regretful it is, it will be irreversible. Therefore, pregnant women must use medicines rationally, and do not use them if they are available or not. Prudent use of medication not only protects the health of pregnant women, but also reduces the possibility of fetal death.
　　Pregnant women should not take medication by themselves. When medication is necessary, they should choose drugs with low toxicity, low reaction, and no risk of teratogenicity under the guidance of a doctor. The dosage should be small.