What are the contents of first aid and emergency health training

There is no completely unified and fixed outline for first aid and emergency health training on the market. The core is set around "effective pre-hospital treatment and reducing the risk of casualties." It covers everything from on-site rescue of cardiac arrest to hemostatic bandaging after hand cutting.

Last year we were doing training in an office building in a business district. Just after the third class, an employee was eating takeout and a chicken bone got stuck in his airway. The colleague next to him had just learned the Heimlich maneuver. He stood behind him and hugged his waist and rushed twice before the bone spurted out. If he had to wait for the ambulance to come, he might suffer from lack of oxygen and cause a serious problem. Nowadays, all formal trainings will put cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use of automated external defibrillators (AED), and Heimlich maneuver at the forefront. After all, these are skills that can really save lives in the golden 4 minutes. There is still a controversial point that is not completely unified: the treatment after drowning. In previous years, mainstream guidelines clearly stated that there should be no control. water to avoid delaying the compression time, but some grassroots first responders have suggested that if you drown in a puddle or fish pond in the wild, and the mouth and nose are full of sand and debris, performing compressions with a little control can also reduce the risk of airway obstruction. We usually make both points of view clear during training, allowing students to make their own judgments based on the on-site situation.

In addition to this kind of life-and-death skills, the emergency treatment of minor injuries encountered daily is also the highlight of the training. After all, what most people encounter are not extreme situations such as cardiac arrest, but more like getting burned while cooking, twisting their feet when walking, or being scratched by a cat and not knowing whether to get vaccinated. Last time, there was an uncle in the community who heard us tell you that you should first rinse with cold water at room temperature for 15 minutes when you are burned. After being burned by a hot water bottle last winter, he did not dare to apply the badger oil stored at home. He went to the hospital after flushing and there was no scar left at all. His wife was scalded the year before last and got infected by applying badger oil indiscriminately. It took almost a month to recover. We usually also add content on rapid identification of stroke and chest pain, such as how to check whether the corner of the mouth is crooked and whether one arm can be raised. Many elderly people are sick at home and their children are not around. If the nanny can identify it early, they can seize the prime time for thrombolysis.

What many people don’t notice is that formal training will spend at least 1/4 of the time on “how to protect yourself first.” Many people just want to rush to save people when they learn first aid, without looking at the surrounding environment. I have seen a news before. When a young man saw someone fainting in a car accident, he rushed to save the person without putting up the warning triangle. He was hit by a car coming from behind, and neither of them was saved. What a pity. Therefore, we always say repeatedly that the first step when arriving at the scene is to check whether the surrounding area is safe and whether there is any risk of leakage, landslides, or secondary car accidents. You must wear disposable gloves when coming into contact with the blood of the injured. If not, a clean plastic bag will do. Don’t save others and end up getting sick yourself. Emergency avoidance points for scenarios such as electric shock, gas leakage, and fire will also be discussed. After all, the health risks in these scenarios are much higher than ordinary injuries.

In the past two years, we have also added a lot of psychological emergency content, such as how to deal with discomfort after encountering someone who jumped from a building or a car accident scene with bloody flesh, and how to speak to stabilize the other person's mood when facing the injured - for example, when you encounter an injured person who has cut his wrists, don't yell "Why are you so upset", which will easily irritate the other person. Say softly "I'm here to help you, don't move now", calm down first and then deal with the wound. These details are actually quite important.

Having been doing first aid training for almost five years, we never ask students to memorize all the knowledge points. If you really encounter an emergency, don’t panic. Remembering the two most critical steps is better than anything else.